Unlock the Power of TypeScript in Your .NET Backend: A Step-by-Step Guide

Are you tired of dealing with the limitations of traditional JavaScript in your .NET backend? Do you want to take advantage of the type safety and maintainability offered by TypeScript? Look no further! In this comprehensive guide, we’ll show you how to run TypeScript code in your .NET backend, step by step.

Why Use TypeScript in Your .NET Backend?

• Type Safety**: TypeScript’s static type checking helps catch errors early, reducing the likelihood of runtime errors and making your code more maintainable.

Prerequisites

• .NET Core 3.1 or later
• Node.js 14.17.0 or later
• TypeScript 4.1.3 or later
• Visual Studio Code or your preferred code editor

Step 1: Create a New .NET Core Project

dotnet new webapi -n MyTypeScriptApi

cd MyTypeScriptApi

Step 2: Install Required Packages

dotnet add package Microsoft.TypeScript.MSBuild
dotnet add package NodeJs
dotnet add package Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web

Step 3: Create a TypeScript Configuration File

tsconfig.json in the root of your project with the following contents:

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es5",
    "module": "commonjs",
    "sourceMap": true,
    "outDir": "wwwroot/ts",
    "rootDir": "src",
    "strict": true,
    "esModuleInterop": true,
    "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true
  },
  "include": ["src/**/*"]
}

wwwroot/ts directory.

Step 4: Create a TypeScript File

src in the root of your project and add a new file called greeter.ts with the following contents:

class Greeter {
  private name: string;

  constructor(name: string) {
    this.name = name;
  }

  public sayHello(): string {
    return `Hello, ${this.name}!`;
  }
}

export { Greeter };

Greeter class that takes a name in the constructor and returns a personalized greeting message.

Step 5: Compile Your TypeScript Code

dotnet run -c Release

wwwroot/ts directory.

Step 6: Create a .NET Core Controller

GreeterController.cs in the Controllers folder with the following contents:

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using MyTypeScriptApi.wwwroot.ts;

namespace MyTypeScriptApi.Controllers
{
    [ApiController]
    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    public class GreeterController : ControllerBase
    {
        [HttpGet]
        public IActionResult Get()
        {
            var greeter = new Greeter("John Doe");
            return Ok(greeter.sayHello());
        }
    }
}

Greeter object, passing in the name “John Doe”. The sayHello() method is then called and the result is returned as a JSON response.

Step 7: Run Your .NET Core Application

dotnet run

https://localhost:5001/api/greeter. You should see the following output:

"Hello, John Doe!"

Troubleshooting Common Issues

Error	Solution
TypeScript compiler errors	Check your tsconfig.json file for syntax errors or invalid configuration options.
JavaScript file not generated	Verify that your tsconfig.json file is correctly configured and that you have run the dotnet run -c Release command.
.NET Core controller not finding TypeScript file	Check that your controller is correctly referencing the compiled JavaScript file and that the file exists in the expected location.

Conclusion

Additional Resources

• TypeScript Official Documentation
• .NET Core Documentation
• Node.js Official Documentation

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